NAME Exception::Tiny - too tiny exception interface SYNOPSIS simple example: package MyException; use parent 'Exception::Tiny'; package main; # try sub foo { eval { MyException->throw( 'oops!' ); # same MyException->throw( message => 'oops!' ); }; } # catch if (my $e = $@) { if (MyException->caught($e)) { say $e->message; # show 'oops!' say $e->package; # show 'main' say $e->file; # show 'foo.pl' say $e->line; # show '9' say $e->subroutine; # show 'main:foo' say $e->dump; # dump self say $e; # show 'oops! at foo.pl line 9.' $e->rethrow; # rethrow MyException exception. } } can you accessor for exception class: package MyExceptionBase; use parent 'Exception::Tiny'; use Class::Accessor::Lite ( ro => [qw/ status_code /], ); package MyException::Validator; use parent -norequire, 'MyExceptionBase'; use Class::Accessor::Lite ( ro => [qw/ dfv /], ); package main; # try eval { MyException::Validator->throw( message => 'oops', status_code => '500', dfv => { missing => 'name field is missing.', }, ); }; # catch if (my $e = $@) { if (MyException->caught($e)) { say $e->message; # show 'oops'; say $e->status_code; # show '500'; say $e->dfv->{missing}; # show 'name field is missing.' say $e; # show 'oops at bar.pl line 17.' } } can you catche nested class: package BaseException; use parent 'Exception::Tiny'; package MyException::Validator; use parent -norequire, 'BaseException'; package main; eval { MyException::Validator->throw } my $e = $@; say $e if BaseException->caught($e); # show 'MyException::Validator at bar.pl line 9.' DESCRIPTION Exception::Tiny is too simple exception interface. This is the implementation of the minimum required in order to implement exception handling. So anyone can understand the implementation It. CLASS METHODS throw( ... ) throw the exception. caught($e) It returns an exception object if the argument is of the current class, or a subclass of that class. it simply returns $e. INSTANCE METHODS rethrow re-throw the exception object. message It return the exception message. default is exception class name. package It return the package name that exception has occurred. file It return the file name that exception has occurred. line It return the line number in file that exception has occurred. subroutine It return the subroutine name that exception has occurred. as_string It returned in the format the exception contents of a simple string. You can Implementation overridden. dump It to dump the contents of the instance. You can Implementation overridden. HACKING IDEA If you want Exception::Class::Base style object, you can write like code of the under. package HackException; use parent 'Exception::Tiny'; use Class::Accessor::Lite ( ro => [qw/ time pid uid euid gid egid /], ); sub new { my($class, %args) = @_; %args = ( %args, time => CORE::time, pid => $$, uid => $<, euid => $>, gid => $(, egid => $), ); $class->SUPER::new(%args); } eval { HackException->throw; }; my $e = $@; say $e->time; say $e->pid; say $e->uid; say $e->euid; say $e->gid; say $e->egid; AUTHOR Kazuhiro Osawa SEE ALSO Class::Accessor::Lite LICENSE Copyright (C) Kazuhiro Osawa This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.